3.2.1: Liberalism
This section describes the ideology of liberalism. Liberalism values individual freedom, open economic systems, and democracy. As you read this section, consider how the ideology of liberalism compares to socialism or fascism. What sets liberalism apart? Also, pay close attention to the distinction between classical liberalism and modern liberalism.
3.2.1.1: Classical Liberalism
According to this article, classical liberalism advocates for a government that only:
- protects against foreign invaders;
- protects citizens from being wronged by other citizens; and
- provides public institutions/works that the private sector cannot profitably provide.
How does this compare to the roles of government as outlined by the ideologies we've read about so far?
3.2.1.2: Modern Liberalism
Read this section. U.S. Democratic and Republican Parties both adhere to a derivation of classical liberal ideals. The words "liberal" and "conservative" have come to represent a different set of values in modern times. American, or modern, liberalism equates with the "left of center", or the Democratic Party in the United States. Modern liberals advocate for more government spending and oversight, stronger welfare programs, and liberal social policies.