The Observed Significance of a Test

KEY TAKEAWAYS

  • The observed significance or p-value of a test is a measure of how inconsistent the sample result is with H_{0} and in favor of H_{a}.
  • The p-value approach to hypothesis testing means that one merely compares the p-value to \alpha instead of constructing a rejection region.
  • There is a systematic five-step procedure for the p-value approach to hypothesis testing.