Database Administrator
| Site: | Saylor Academy |
| Course: | BUS611: Data Management |
| Book: | Database Administrator |
| Printed by: | Guest user |
| Date: | Friday, 23 May 2025, 5:01 AM |
Description
Read this summary report for DBAs. Familiarize yourself with the knowledge, skills, abilities, and education level organizations look for when seeking to hire database administrators.
Remember, proper data management and data lifecycle management add value to any organization. It is becoming easier to share and manage data due to advancements in technology. Therefore, it is important to have data management and data lifecycle management processes. This produces integrity in standards that effectively collect, analyze, and share data.
Summary Report for: 15-1242.00 - Database Administrators
Administer, test, and implement computer databases, applying knowledge of database management systems. Coordinate changes to computer databases. Identify, investigate, and resolve database performance issues, database capacity, and database scalability. May plan, coordinate, and implement security measures to safeguard computer databases.
Sample of reported job titles: Database Administration Manager, Database Administrator (DBA), Database Analyst, Database Coordinator, Information Systems Manager, System Administrator
Source: https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/15-1242.00
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Tasks
- Test programs or databases, correct errors, and make necessary modifications.
- Plan, coordinate, and implement security measures to safeguard information in computer files against accidental or unauthorized damage, modification or disclosure.
- Modify existing databases and database management systems or direct programmers and analysts to make changes.
- Specify users and user access levels for each segment of database.
- Write and code logical and physical database descriptions and specify identifiers of database to management system, or direct others in coding descriptions.
- Develop standards and guidelines for the use and acquisition of software and to protect vulnerable information.
- Review procedures in database management system manuals to make changes to database.
- Revise company definition of data as defined in data dictionary.
- Train users and answer questions.
- Review workflow charts developed by programmer analyst to understand tasks computer will perform, such as updating records.
- Approve, schedule, plan, and supervise the installation and testing of new products and improvements to computer systems, such as the installation of new databases.
- Identify and evaluate industry trends in database systems to serve as a source of information and advice for upper management.
- Develop data model describing data elements and how they are used, following procedures and using pen, template, or computer software.
- Select and enter codes to monitor database performance and to create production database.
- Identify, evaluate and recommend hardware or software technologies to achieve desired database performance.
- Plan and install upgrades of database management system software to enhance database performance.
- Provide technical support to junior staff or clients.
- Test changes to database applications or systems.
Technology Skills
- Access software - Access management software; Citrix cloud computing software
- Accounting software - Fund accounting software
- Administration software - Redgate SQL Server
- Analytical or scientific software - IBM SPSS Statistics; Minitab; SAS statistical software; The MathWorks MATLAB
- Application server software - Docker; Red Hat OpenShift; Red Hat WildFly; Spring Boot
- Backup or archival software - Acronis Recovery Expert; EMC NetWorker; HP DataProtector; Veritas NetBackup
- Business intelligence and data analysis software - Apache Spark; MicroStrategy; Oracle Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition; Qlik Tech QlikView
- Cloud-based data access and sharing software - Microsoft SharePoint
- Cloud-based management software - Amazon Web Services AWS CloudFormation; IBM WebSphere; Splunk Enterprise
- Cloud-based protection or security software - SolarWinds
- Clustering software - Cluster server software; Oracle Real Application Cluster RAC
- Communications server software - IBM Domino
- Computer aided design CAD software - Autodesk Revit; Dassault Systemes CATIA
- Computer based training software
- Configuration management software - Chef; Perforce Helix software; Puppet; VMware
- Content workflow software - Atlassian JIRA
- Customer relationship management CRM software - Blackbaud The Raiser's Edge; Oracle Eloqua; Salesforce software
- Data base management system software - Amazon DynamoDB; Elasticsearch; MongoDB; Oracle PL/SQL
- Data base reporting software - Microsoft SQL Server Reporting Services SSRS; Oracle Reports; Oracle SQL Plus; SAP Crystal Reports
- Data base user interface and query software - Apache Hive; Blackboard software; MySQL; Oracle JDBC
- Data mining software - Google Analytics
- Desktop communications software - Skype
- Desktop publishing software - Microsoft Publisher
- Development environment software - Apache Ant; Apache Kafka; Common business oriented language COBOL; Go
- Electronic mail software - IBM Notes; Microsoft Exchange; Microsoft Outlook
- Enterprise application integration software - Atlassian Bamboo; Extensible markup language XML; Microsoft SQL Server Integration Services SSIS; Oracle Fusion Middlewar
- Enterprise resource planning ERP software - Microsoft Dynamics GP; NetSuite ERP; Oracle Hyperion; Oracle JD Edwards EnterpriseOne
- Enterprise system management software - IBM Power Systems software
- Expert system software - Ansible software; Apache Mahout
- File versioning software - Apache Subversion; Git
- Financial analysis software - Delphi Technology; Oracle E-Business Suite Financials
- Geographic information system - ESRI ArcGIS software; Geographic information system GIS software
- Graphical user interface development software - Salesforce Visualforce
- Human resources software - Human resource management software HRMS; Oracle Learning Management; Oracle Taleo
- Industrial control software - Supervisory control and data acquisition SCADA software
- Information retrieval or search software - Data validation software; LexisNexis
- Manufacturing execution system MES software - CA Easytrieve Report Generator
- Medical software - Epic Systems
- Metadata management software - CA Erwin Data Modeler; Data modeling software; IBM Rational Data Architect; Pentaho Kettle
- Multi-media educational software - Nearpod
- Network conferencing software - LogMeIn GoToWebinar
- Network monitoring software - Nagios; Wireshark; Zabbix
- Network security and virtual private network VPN equipment software - Virtual private networking VPN software
- Network security or virtual private network VPN management software - Database security software
- Object or component oriented development software - Advanced business application programming ABAP; Apache Groovy; jQuery; Scala
- Object oriented data base management software - Hibernate ORM; IBM Informix; PostgreSQL; Transact-SQL
- Office suite software - Microsoft Office
- Operating system software - Microsoft Windows Server; Oracle Solaris; Red Hat Enterprise Linux; UNIX Shell
- Portal server software - Apache HTTP Server
- Presentation software - Microsoft PowerPoint
- Process mapping and design software - Microsoft Visio; Visual Paradigm DB Visual ARCHITECT
- Program testing software - Database testing software; Hewlett Packard LoadRunner; JUnit; Selenium
- Project management software - Confluence; Microsoft Project; Oracle Primavera Enterprise Project Portfolio Management
- Requirements analysis and system architecture software - Database capacity planning software; Unified modeling language UML
- Sales and marketing software - Marketo Marketing Automation
- Spreadsheet software - Microsoft Excel
- Storage networking software - Amazon Simple Storage Service S3; Storage area network SAN software
- Transaction security and virus protection software - Encryption software; McAfee; NortonLifeLock cybersecurity software
- Transaction server software - Customer information control system CICS
- Video conferencing software - Cisco Webex; Google Meet; LogMeIn GoToMeeting
- Web page creation and editing software - Adobe Systems Adobe Dreamweaver
- Web platform development software - Backbone.js; Google AngularJS; Microsoft ASP.NET Core MVC; Spring Framework
- Word processing software - Microsoft Word
Hot Technology - a technology requirement frequently included in employer job postings.
Knowledge
- Computers and Electronics - Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
- English Language - Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar.
- Telecommunications - Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.
- Mathematics - Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
- Administrative - Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.
- Communications and Media - Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
Skills
- Critical Thinking - Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.
- Complex Problem Solving - Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
- Active Learning - Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
- Active Listening - Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
- Judgment and Decision Making - Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
- Reading Comprehension - Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
- Monitoring - Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
- Programming - Writing computer programs for various purposes.
- Speaking - Talking to others to convey information effectively.
- Systems Analysis - Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
- Systems Evaluation - Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
- Writing - Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
- Coordination - Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
- Mathematics - Using mathematics to solve problems.
- Operations Analysis - Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
- Operations Monitoring - Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
- Instructing - Teaching others how to do something.
- Learning Strategies - Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
- Quality Control Analysis - Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
- Time Management - Managing one's own time and the time of others.
Abilities
- Deductive Reasoning - The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
- Information Ordering - The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
- Problem Sensitivity - The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.
- Inductive Reasoning - The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
- Oral Comprehension - The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
- Near Vision - The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
- Written Comprehension - The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
- Flexibility of Closure - The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
- Oral Expression - The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
- Speech Clarity - The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
- Category Flexibility - The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.
- Speech Recognition - The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
- Written Expression - The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
- Fluency of Ideas - The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
- Selective Attention - The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
- Mathematical Reasoning - The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
- Number Facility - The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
- Originality - The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
- Perceptual Speed - The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
- Speed of Closure - The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
- Visualization - The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
Work Activities
- Working with Computers - Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
- Processing Information - Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
- Analyzing Data or Information - Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
- Making Decisions and Solving Problems - Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
- Getting Information - Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
- Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work - Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
- Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge - Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
- Documenting/Recording Information - Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
- Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates - Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
- Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events - Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
- Thinking Creatively - Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
- Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings - Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
- Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships - Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
- Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards - Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
- Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information - Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
- Developing Objectives and Strategies - Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
Detailed Work Activities
- Assess database performance.
- Modify software programs to improve performance.
- Implement security measures for computer or information systems.
- Develop computer or information security policies or procedures.
- Create databases to store electronic data.
- Update computer database information.
- Develop database parameters or specifications.
- Write computer programming code.
- Develop performance metrics or standards related to information technology.
- Read documents to gather technical information.
- Train others in computer interface or software use.
- Coordinate software or hardware installation.
- Develop detailed project plans.
- Analyze data to identify trends or relationships among variables.
- Analyze market or customer related data.
- Develop models of information or communications systems.
- Evaluate utility of software or hardware technologies.
- Install computer software.
- Provide recommendations to others about computer hardware.
- Provide technical support for software maintenance or use.
- Test computer system operations to ensure proper functioning.
Work Context
- Indoors, Environmentally Controlled - 95% responded "Every day".
- Spend Time Sitting
- Work With Work Group or Team - 66% responded "Extremely important".
- Contact With Others
- Telephone
- Face-to-Face Discussions
- Coordinate or Lead Others - 24% responded "Very important".
- Importance of Being Exact or Accurate - 18% responded "Very important".
- Duration of Typical Work Week - 68% responded "40 hours".
- Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions
- Freedom to Make Decisions
- Structured versus Unstructured Work
- Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls - 26% responded "Never".
- Time Pressure - 37% responded "Once a month or more but not every week".
- Consequence of Error - 31% responded "Very serious".
- Level of Competition - 34% responded "Moderately competitive".
- Importance of Repeating Same Tasks - 40% responded "Extremely important".
- Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results - 16% responded "No results".
- Physical Proximity - 69% responded "Slightly close (e.g., shared office)".
- Frequency of Decision Making - 24% responded "Once a week or more but not every day".
Job Zone
| Title | Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed |
| Education | Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not. |
| Related Experience | A considerable amount of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an accountant must complete four years of college and work for several years in accounting to be considered qualified. |
| Job Training | Employees in these occupations usually need several years of work-related experience, on-the-job training, and/or vocational training. |
| Job Zone Examples | Many of these occupations involve coordinating, supervising, managing, or training others. Examples include real estate brokers, sales managers, database administrators, graphic designers, chemists, art directors, and cost estimators. |
| SVP Range | (7.0 to < 8.0) |
Education
| Percentage of Respondents | Education Level Required |
|---|---|
77  |
Bachelor's degree |
11  |
Professional degree |
7  |
Associate's degree |
Credentials
Interests
Interest code: CI Want to discover your interests? Take the O*NET Interest Profiler at My Next Move.
- Conventional - Conventional occupations frequently involve following set procedures and routines. These occupations can include working with data and details more than with ideas. Usually there is a clear line of authority to follow.
- Investigative - Investigative occupations frequently involve working with ideas, and require an extensive amount of thinking. These occupations can involve searching for facts and figuring out problems mentally.
Work Styles
- Attention to Detail - Job requires being careful about detail and thorough in completing work tasks.
- Analytical Thinking - Job requires analyzing information and using logic to address work-related issues and problems.
- Integrity - Job requires being honest and ethical.
- Cooperation - Job requires being pleasant with others on the job and displaying a good-natured, cooperative attitude.
- Dependability - Job requires being reliable, responsible, and dependable, and fulfilling obligations.
- Persistence - Job requires persistence in the face of obstacles.
- Self-Control - Job requires maintaining composure, keeping emotions in check, controlling anger, and avoiding aggressive behavior, even in very difficult situations.
- Adaptability/Flexibility - Job requires being open to change (positive or negative) and to considerable variety in the workplace.
- Independence - Job requires developing one's own ways of doing things, guiding oneself with little or no supervision, and depending on oneself to get things done.
- Initiative - Job requires a willingness to take on responsibilities and challenges.
- Achievement/Effort - Job requires establishing and maintaining personally challenging achievement goals and exerting effort toward mastering tasks.
- Stress Tolerance - Job requires accepting criticism and dealing calmly and effectively with high-stress situations.
- Concern for Others - Job requires being sensitive to others' needs and feelings and being understanding and helpful on the job.
- Innovation - Job requires creativity and alternative thinking to develop new ideas for and answers to work-related problems.
- Leadership - Job requires a willingness to lead, take charge, and offer opinions and direction.
- Social Orientation - Job requires preferring to work with others rather than alone, and being personally connected with others on the job.
Work Values
- Working Conditions - Occupations that satisfy this work value offer job security and good working conditions. Corresponding needs are Activity, Compensation, Independence, Security, Variety, and Working Conditions.
- Support - Occupations that satisfy this work value offer supportive management that stands behind employees. Corresponding needs are Company Policies, Supervision: Human Relations, and Supervision: Technical.
- Achievement - Occupations that satisfy this work value are results oriented and allow employees to use their strongest abilities, giving them a feeling of accomplishment. Corresponding needs are Ability Utilization and Achievement.
Related Occupations
| 15-1211.00 | Computer Systems Analysts |
| 15-1212.00 | Information Security Analysts |
| 15-1232.00 | Computer User Support Specialists |
| 15-1241.00 | Computer Network Architects |
| 15-1251.00 | Computer Programmers |
| 15-1253.00 | Software Quality Assurance Analysts and Testers Bright Outlook |
| 15-1254.00 | Web Developers |
| 15-1299.01 | Web Administrators |
| 19-4061.00 | Social Science Research Assistants |
Job Openings on the Web
Sources of Additional Information
Disclaimer: Sources are listed to provide additional information on related jobs, specialties, and/or industries. Links to non-DOL Internet sites are provided for your convenience and do not constitute an endorsement.
- Association for Computing Machinery
- Center of Excellence for Information and Computing Technology
- CompTIA
- CompTIA Association of IT Professionals
- Computing Research Association
- IEEE Computer Society
- Institute for Certification of Computing Professionals
- National Center for Women and Information Technology
- Occupational Outlook Handbook: Database administrators and architects
Details
Tasks
| Importance | Category | Task |
|---|---|---|
| 84 | Core |
Test programs or databases, correct errors, and make necessary modifications.
|
| 83 | Core |
Plan, coordinate, and implement security measures to safeguard information in computer files against accidental or unauthorized damage, modification or disclosure.
|
| 74 | Core |
Modify existing databases and database management systems or direct programmers and analysts to make changes.
|
| 74 | Core |
Specify users and user access levels for each segment of database.
|
| 69 | Core |
Write and code logical and physical database descriptions and specify identifiers of database to management system, or direct others in coding descriptions.
|
| 66 | Core |
Develop standards and guidelines for the use and acquisition of software and to protect vulnerable information.
|
| 62 | Core |
Review procedures in database management system manuals to make changes to database.
|
| 61 | Core |
Revise company definition of data as defined in data dictionary.
|
| 60 | Core |
Train users and answer questions.
|
| 59 | Core |
Review workflow charts developed by programmer analyst to understand tasks computer will perform, such as updating records.
|
| 55 | Core |
Approve, schedule, plan, and supervise the installation and testing of new products and improvements to computer systems, such as the installation of new databases.
|
| 54 | Core |
Identify and evaluate industry trends in database systems to serve as a source of information and advice for upper management.
|
| 51 | Core |
Develop data model describing data elements and how they are used, following procedures and using pen, template, or computer software.
|
| 71 | Supplemental |
Select and enter codes to monitor database performance and to create production database.
|
| Not available | Not available |
Identify, evaluate and recommend hardware or software technologies to achieve desired database performance.
|
| Not available | Not available |
Plan and install upgrades of database management system software to enhance database performance.
|
| Not available | Not available |
Provide technical support to junior staff or clients.
|
| Not available | Not available |
Test changes to database applications or systems.
|
Technology Skills
- Access software - Access management software; Citrix cloud computing software
- Accounting software - Fund accounting software
- Administration software - Redgate SQL Server
- Analytical or scientific software - IBM SPSS Statistics; Minitab; SAS statistical software; The MathWorks MATLAB
- Application server software - Docker; Red Hat OpenShift; Red Hat WildFly; Spring Boot
- Backup or archival software - Acronis Recovery Expert; EMC NetWorker; HP DataProtector; Veritas NetBackup
- Business intelligence and data analysis software - Apache Spark; MicroStrategy; Oracle Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition; Qlik Tech QlikView
- Cloud-based data access and sharing software - Microsoft SharePoint
- Cloud-based management software - Amazon Web Services AWS CloudFormation; IBM WebSphere; Splunk Enterprise
- Cloud-based protection or security software - SolarWinds
- Clustering software - Cluster server software; Oracle Real Application Cluster RAC
- Communications server software - IBM Domino
- Computer aided design CAD software - Autodesk Revit; Dassault Systemes CATIA
- Computer based training software
- Configuration management software - Chef; Perforce Helix software; Puppet; VMware
- Content workflow software - Atlassian JIRA
- Customer relationship management CRM software - Blackbaud The Raiser's Edge; Oracle Eloqua; Salesforce software
- Data base management system software - Amazon DynamoDB; Elasticsearch; MongoDB; Oracle PL/SQL
- Data base reporting software - Microsoft SQL Server Reporting Services SSRS; Oracle Reports; Oracle SQL Plus; SAP Crystal Reports
- Data base user interface and query software - Apache Hive; Blackboard software; MySQL; Oracle JDBC
- Data mining software - Google Analytics
- Desktop communications software - Skype
- Desktop publishing software - Microsoft Publisher
- Development environment software - Apache Ant; Apache Kafka; Common business oriented language COBOL; Go
- Electronic mail software - IBM Notes; Microsoft Exchange; Microsoft Outlook
- Enterprise application integration software - Atlassian Bamboo; Extensible markup language XML; Microsoft SQL Server Integration Services SSIS; Oracle Fusion Middleware
- Enterprise resource planning ERP software - Microsoft Dynamics GP; NetSuite ERP; Oracle Hyperion; Oracle JD Edwards EnterpriseOne
- Enterprise system management software - IBM Power Systems software
- Expert system software - Ansible software; Apache Mahout
- File versioning software - Apache Subversion; Git
- Financial analysis software - Delphi Technology; Oracle E-Business Suite Financials
- Geographic information system - ESRI ArcGIS software; Geographic information system GIS software
- Graphical user interface development software - Salesforce Visualforce
- Human resources software - Human resource management software HRMS; Oracle Learning Management; Oracle Taleo
- Industrial control software - Supervisory control and data acquisition SCADA software
- Information retrieval or search software - Data validation software; LexisNexis
- Manufacturing execution system MES software - CA Easytrieve Report Generator
- Medical software - Epic Systems
- Metadata management software - CA Erwin Data Modeler; Data modeling software; IBM Rational Data Architect; Pentaho Kettle
- Multi-media educational software - Nearpod
- Network conferencing software - LogMeIn GoToWebinar
- Network monitoring software - Nagios; Wireshark; Zabbix
- Network security and virtual private network VPN equipment software - Virtual private networking VPN software
- Network security or virtual private network VPN management software - Database security software
- Object or component oriented development software - Advanced business application programming ABAP; Apache Groovy; jQuery; Scala
- Object oriented data base management software - Hibernate ORM; IBM Informix; PostgreSQL; Transact-SQL
- Office suite software - Microsoft Office
- Operating system software - Microsoft Windows Server; Oracle Solaris; Red Hat Enterprise Linux; UNIX Shell
- Portal server software - Apache HTTP Server
- Presentation software - Microsoft PowerPoint
- Process mapping and design software - Microsoft Visio; Visual Paradigm DB Visual ARCHITECT
- Program testing software - Database testing software; Hewlett Packard LoadRunner; JUnit; Selenium
- Project management software - Confluence; Microsoft Project; Oracle Primavera Enterprise Project Portfolio Management
- Requirements analysis and system architecture software - Database capacity planning software; Unified modeling language UML
- Sales and marketing software - Marketo Marketing Automation
- Spreadsheet software - Microsoft Excel
- Storage networking software - Amazon Simple Storage Service S3; Storage area network SAN software
- Transaction security and virus protection software - Encryption software; McAfee; NortonLifeLock cybersecurity software
- Transaction server software - Customer information control system CICS
- Video conferencing software - Cisco Webex; Google Meet; LogMeIn GoToMeeting
- Web page creation and editing software - Adobe Systems Adobe Dreamweaver
- Web platform development software - Backbone.js; Google AngularJS; Microsoft ASP.NET Core MVC; Spring Framework
- Word processing software - Microsoft Word
Tools Used
- Desktop computers
- Hard disk arrays - Redundant array of independent disks RAID systems
- Hard disk drives
- Mainframe computers
- Notebook computers
- Tape arrays - Tape libraries
Knowledge
|
Importance
|
Knowledge
|
|
|---|---|---|
| 87 |
Computers and Electronics - Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
|
|
| 58 |
English Language - Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar.
|
|
| 56 |
Telecommunications - Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.
|
|
| 53 |
Mathematics - Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
|
|
| 50 |
Administrative - Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.
|
|
| 50 |
Communications and Media - Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
|
|
| 49 |
Administration and Management - Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
|
|
| 48 |
Education and Training - Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
|
|
| 46 |
Public Safety and Security - Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
|
|
| 44 |
Customer and Personal Service - Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
|
|
| 42 |
Psychology - Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
|
|
| 40 |
Engineering and Technology - Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
|
|
| 39 |
Law and Government - Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.
|
|
| 38 |
Production and Processing - Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.
|
|
| 33 |
Design - Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
|
|
| 29 |
Philosophy and Theology - Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.
|
|
| 27 |
Economics and Accounting - Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis and reporting of financial data.
|
|
| 25 |
Sociology and Anthropology - Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures, and their history and origins.
|
|
| 23 |
Personnel and Human Resources - Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.
|
|
| 21 |
Mechanical - Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
|
|
| 21 |
Therapy and Counseling - Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
|
|
| 20 |
Geography - Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
|
|
| 14 |
Sales and Marketing - Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
|
|
| 14 |
Transportation - Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.
|
|
| 9 |
History and Archeology - Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.
|
|
| 8 |
Building and Construction - Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
|
|
| 8 |
Physics - Knowledge, and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic, and sub-atomic structures and processes.
|
|
| 6 |
Chemistry - Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.
|
|
| 4 |
Foreign Language - Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
|
|
| 1 |
Biology - Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.
|
|
| 1 |
Food Production - Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.
|
|
| 0 |
Fine Arts - Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.
|
|
| 0 |
Medicine and Dentistry - Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.
|
|
Skills
|
Importance
|
Skill
|
|
|---|---|---|
| 72 |
Critical Thinking - Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.
|
|
| 66 |
Complex Problem Solving - Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
|
|
| 63 |
Active Learning - Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
|
|
| 63 |
Active Listening - Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
|
|
| 63 |
Judgment and Decision Making - Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
|
|
| 63 |
Reading Comprehension - Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
|
|
| 60 |
Monitoring - Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
|
|
| 60 |
Programming - Writing computer programs for various purposes.
|
|
| 60 |
Speaking - Talking to others to convey information effectively.
|
|
| 60 |
Systems Analysis - Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
|
|
| 60 |
Systems Evaluation - Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
|
|
| 60 |
Writing - Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
|
|
| 53 |
Coordination - Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
|
|
| 53 |
Mathematics - Using mathematics to solve problems.
|
|
| 53 |
Operations Analysis - Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
|
|
| 53 |
Operations Monitoring - Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
|
|
| 50 |
Instructing - Teaching others how to do something.
|
|
| 50 |
Learning Strategies - Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
|
|
| 50 |
Quality Control Analysis - Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
|
|
| 50 |
Time Management - Managing one's own time and the time of others.
|
|
| 47 |
Troubleshooting - Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
|
|
| 44 |
Management of Personnel Resources - Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
|
|
| 44 |
Service Orientation - Actively looking for ways to help people.
|
|
| 44 |
Social Perceptiveness - Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
|
|
| 41 |
Persuasion - Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
|
|
| 35 |
Technology Design - Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
|
|
| 28 |
Negotiation - Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
|
|
| 25 |
Management of Financial Resources - Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.
|
|
| 25 |
Management of Material Resources - Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.
|
|
| 25 |
Science - Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
|
|
| 22 |
Equipment Selection - Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
|
|
| 22 |
Operation and Control - Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
|
|
| 16 |
Installation - Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
|
|
| 6 |
Repairing - Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
|
|
| 0 |
Equipment Maintenance - Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.
|
|
Abilities
|
Importance
|
Ability
|
|
|---|---|---|
| 75 |
Deductive Reasoning - The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
|
|
| 75 |
Information Ordering - The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
|
|
| 75 |
Problem Sensitivity - The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.
|
|
| 72 |
Inductive Reasoning - The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
|
|
| 72 |
Oral Comprehension - The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
|
|
| 66 |
Near Vision - The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
|
|
| 66 |
Written Comprehension - The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
|
|
| 60 |
Flexibility of Closure - The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
|
|
| 60 |
Oral Expression - The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
|
|
| 60 |
Speech Clarity - The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
|
|
| 56 |
Category Flexibility - The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.
|
|
| 56 |
Speech Recognition - The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
|
|
| 56 |
Written Expression - The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
|
|
| 53 |
Fluency of Ideas - The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
|
|
| 53 |
Selective Attention - The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
|
|
| 50 |
Mathematical Reasoning - The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
|
|
| 50 |
Number Facility - The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
|
|
| 50 |
Originality - The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
|
|
| 50 |
Perceptual Speed - The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
|
|
| 50 |
Speed of Closure - The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
|
|
| 50 |
Visualization - The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
|
|
| 41 |
Far Vision - The ability to see details at a distance.
|
|
| 38 |
Memorization - The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
|
|
| 35 |
Finger Dexterity - The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
|
|
| 35 |
Time Sharing - The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
|
|
| 28 |
Auditory Attention - The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.
|
|
| 28 |
Control Precision - The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
|
|
| 25 |
Arm-Hand Steadiness - The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
|
|
| 25 |
Visual Color Discrimination - The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
|
|
| 22 |
Hearing Sensitivity - The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.
|
|
| 22 |
Manual Dexterity - The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
|
|
| 16 |
Trunk Strength - The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing.
|
|
| 13 |
Depth Perception - The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.
|
|
| 13 |
Wrist-Finger Speed - The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.
|
|
| 6 |
Dynamic Strength - The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.
|
|
| 3 |
Multilimb Coordination - The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
|
|
| 3 |
Response Orientation - The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.
|
|
| 0 |
Dynamic Flexibility - The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.
|
|
| 0 |
Explosive Strength - The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.
|
|
| 0 |
Extent Flexibility - The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
|
|
| 0 |
Glare Sensitivity - The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
|
|
| 0 |
Gross Body Coordination - The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
|
|
| 0 |
Gross Body Equilibrium - The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
|
|
| 0 |
Night Vision - The ability to see under low-light conditions.
|
|
| 0 |
Peripheral Vision - The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.
|
|
| 0 |
Rate Control - The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.
|
|
| 0 |
Reaction Time - The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.
|
|
| 0 |
Sound Localization - The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
|
|
| 0 |
Spatial Orientation - The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.
|
|
| 0 |
Speed of Limb Movement - The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
|
|
| 0 |
Stamina - The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.
|
|
| 0 |
Static Strength - The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
|
|
Work Activities
|
Importance
|
Work Activity
|
|
|---|---|---|
| 100 |
Working with Computers - Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
|
|
| 86 |
Processing Information - Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
|
|
| 84 |
Analyzing Data or Information - Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
|
|
| 83 |
Making Decisions and Solving Problems - Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
|
|
| 81 |
Getting Information - Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
|
|
| 76 |
Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work - Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
|
|
| 75 |
Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge - Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
|
|
| 73 |
Documenting/Recording Information - Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
|
|
| 72 |
Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates - Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
|
|
| 71 |
Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events - Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
|
|
| 70 |
Thinking Creatively - Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
|
|
| 66 |
Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings - Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
|
|
| 58 |
Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships - Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
|
|
| 58 |
Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards - Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
|
|
| 55 |
Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information - Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
|
|
| 52 |
Developing Objectives and Strategies - Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
|
|
| 49 |
Scheduling Work and Activities - Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
|
|
| 48 |
Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others - Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
|
|
| 48 |
Providing Consultation and Advice to Others - Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
|
|
| 47 |
Training and Teaching Others - Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
|
|
| 43 |
Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others - Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
|
|
| 43 |
Performing Administrative Activities - Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
|
|
| 41 |
Communicating with People Outside the Organization - Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
|
|
| 41 |
Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials - Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
|
|
| 41 |
Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People - Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
|
|
| 39 |
Coaching and Developing Others - Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
|
|
| 37 |
Developing and Building Teams - Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
|
|
| 36 |
Controlling Machines and Processes - Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
|
|
| 35 |
Monitoring and Controlling Resources - Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
|
|
| 35 |
Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others - Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
|
|
| 33 |
Assisting and Caring for Others - Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
|
|
| 30 |
Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment - Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.
|
|
| 29 |
Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment - Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.
|
|
| 29 |
Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates - Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
|
|
| 29 |
Performing for or Working Directly with the Public - Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.
|
|
| 29 |
Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment - Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.
|
|
| 28 |
Selling or Influencing Others - Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
|
|
| 26 |
Handling and Moving Objects - Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
|
|
| 25 |
Performing General Physical Activities - Performing physical activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling materials.
|
|
| 24 |
Staffing Organizational Units - Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
|
|
| 21 |
Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment - Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft.
|
|
Detailed Work Activities
- Assess database performance.
- Modify software programs to improve performance.
- Implement security measures for computer or information systems.
- Develop computer or information security policies or procedures.
- Create databases to store electronic data.
- Update computer database information.
- Develop database parameters or specifications.
- Write computer programming code.
- Develop performance metrics or standards related to information technology.
- Read documents to gather technical information.
- Train others in computer interface or software use.
- Coordinate software or hardware installation.
- Develop detailed project plans.
- Analyze data to identify trends or relationships among variables.
- Analyze market or customer related data.
- Develop models of information or communications systems.
- Evaluate utility of software or hardware technologies.
- Install computer software.
- Provide recommendations to others about computer hardware.
- Provide technical support for software maintenance or use.
- Test computer system operations to ensure proper functioning.
Work Context
|
Work Context |
Percentage of Top Responses |
||||||||
|
Indoors, Environmentally Controlled - How often does this job require working indoors in environmentally controlled conditions? |
|
||||||||
|
Spend Time Sitting - How much does this job require sitting? |
|||||||||
|
Work With Work Group or Team - How important is it to work with others in a group or team in this job? |
|
||||||||
|
Contact With Others - How much does this job require the worker to be in contact with others (face-to-face, by telephone, or otherwise) in order to perform it? |
|||||||||
|
Telephone - How often do you have telephone conversations in this job? |
|||||||||
|
Face-to-Face Discussions - How often do you have to have face-to-face discussions with individuals or teams in this job? |
|||||||||
|
Coordinate or Lead Others - How important is it to coordinate or lead others in accomplishing work activities in this job? |
|
||||||||
|
Importance of Being Exact or Accurate - How important is being very exact or highly accurate in performing this job? |
|
||||||||
|
Duration of Typical Work Week - Number of hours typically worked in one week. |
|
||||||||
|
Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions - How much does this job require making repetitive motions? |
|||||||||
|
Freedom to Make Decisions - How much decision making freedom, without supervision, does the job offer? |
|||||||||
|
Structured versus Unstructured Work - To what extent is this job structured for the worker, rather than allowing the worker to determine tasks, priorities, and goals? |
|||||||||
|
Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls - How much does this job require using your hands to handle, control, or feel objects, tools or controls? |
|
||||||||
|
Time Pressure - How often does this job require the worker to meet strict deadlines? |
|
||||||||
|
Consequence of Error - How serious would the result usually be if the worker made a mistake that was not readily correctable? |
|
||||||||
|
Level of Competition - To what extent does this job require the worker to compete or to be aware of competitive pressures? |
|
||||||||
|
Importance of Repeating Same Tasks - How important is repeating the same physical activities (e.g., key entry) or mental activities (e.g., checking entries in a ledger) over and over, without stopping, to performing this job? |
|
||||||||
|
Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results - What results do your decisions usually have on other people or the image or reputation or financial resources of your employer? |
|
||||||||
|
Physical Proximity - To what extent does this job require the worker to perform job tasks in close physical proximity to other people? |
|
||||||||
|
Frequency of Decision Making - How frequently is the worker required to make decisions that affect other people, the financial resources, and/or the image and reputation of the organization? |
|
||||||||
|
Degree of Automation - How automated is the job? |
|
||||||||
|
Letters and Memos - How often does the job require written letters and memos? |
|
||||||||
|
Deal With External Customers - How important is it to work with external customers or the public in this job? |
|
||||||||
|
Sounds, Noise Levels Are Distracting or Uncomfortable - How often does this job require working exposed to sounds and noise levels that are distracting or uncomfortable? |
|
||||||||
|
Responsibility for Outcomes and Results - How responsible is the worker for work outcomes and results of other workers? |
|||||||||
|
Frequency of Conflict Situations - How often are there conflict situations the employee has to face in this job? |
|
||||||||
|
Deal With Unpleasant or Angry People - How frequently does the worker have to deal with unpleasant, angry, or discourteous individuals as part of the job requirements? |
|
||||||||
|
Public Speaking - How often do you have to perform public speaking in this job? |
|
||||||||
|
Spend Time Bending or Twisting the Body - How much does this job require bending or twisting your body? |
|
||||||||
|
Responsible for Others' Health and Safety - How much responsibility is there for the health and safety of others in this job? |
|
||||||||
|
Spend Time Standing - How much does this job require standing? |
|||||||||
|
In an Enclosed Vehicle or Equipment - How often does this job require working in a closed vehicle or equipment (e.g., car)? |
|
||||||||
|
Exposed to Contaminants - How often does this job require working exposed to contaminants (such as pollutants, gases, dust or odors)? |
|||||||||
|
Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions - How often does this job require working in cramped work spaces that requires getting into awkward positions? |
|
||||||||
|
Spend Time Walking and Running - How much does this job require walking and running? |
|||||||||
|
Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting - How often does this job require working in extremely bright or inadequate lighting conditions? |
|
||||||||
|
Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled - How often does this job require working indoors in non-controlled environmental conditions (e.g., warehouse without heat)? |
|
||||||||
|
Outdoors, Exposed to Weather - How often does this job require working outdoors, exposed to all weather conditions? |
|
||||||||
|
Outdoors, Under Cover - How often does this job require working outdoors, under cover (e.g., structure with roof but no walls)? |
|
||||||||
|
Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment - How important is it to this job that the pace is determined by the speed of equipment or machinery? (This does not refer to keeping busy at all times on this job.) |
|
||||||||
|
Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings - How often does this job require exposure to minor burns, cuts, bites, or stings? |
|
||||||||
|
Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling - How much does this job require kneeling, crouching, stooping or crawling? |
|
||||||||
|
Exposed to Disease or Infections - How often does this job require exposure to disease/infections? |
|
||||||||
|
Exposed to Hazardous Conditions - How often does this job require exposure to hazardous conditions? |
|
||||||||
|
Exposed to Hazardous Equipment - How often does this job require exposure to hazardous equipment? |
|
||||||||
|
Deal With Physically Aggressive People - How frequently does this job require the worker to deal with physical aggression of violent individuals? |
|
||||||||
|
Exposed to High Places - How often does this job require exposure to high places? |
|
||||||||
|
Exposed to Radiation - How often does this job require exposure to radiation? |
|
||||||||
|
In an Open Vehicle or Equipment - How often does this job require working in an open vehicle or equipment (e.g., tractor)? |
|
||||||||
|
Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles - How much does this job require climbing ladders, scaffolds, or poles? |
|
||||||||
|
Very Hot or Cold Temperatures - How often does this job require working in very hot (above 90 F degrees) or very cold (below 32 F degrees) temperatures? |
|
||||||||
|
Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets - How much does this job require wearing common protective or safety equipment such as safety shoes, glasses, gloves, hard hats or life jackets? |
|
||||||||
|
Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance - How much does this job require keeping or regaining your balance? |
|
||||||||
|
Electronic Mail - How often do you use electronic mail in this job? |
|||||||||
|
Exposed to Whole Body Vibration - How often does this job require exposure to whole body vibration (e.g., operate a jackhammer)? |
|||||||||
|
Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection - How much does this job require wearing specialized protective or safety equipment such as breathing apparatus, safety harness, full protection suits, or radiation protection? |
|||||||||
|
Work Schedules - How regular are the work schedules for this job? |
Job Zone
| Title | Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed |
| Education | Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not. |
| Related Experience | A considerable amount of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an accountant must complete four years of college and work for several years in accounting to be considered qualified. |
| Job Training | Employees in these occupations usually need several years of work-related experience, on-the-job training, and/or vocational training. |
| Job Zone Examples | Many of these occupations involve coordinating, supervising, managing, or training others. Examples include real estate brokers, sales managers, database administrators, graphic designers, chemists, art directors, and cost estimators. |
| SVP Range | (7.0 to < 8.0) |
Education
| Percentage of Respondents | Education Level Required |
|---|---|
| 77 | Bachelor's degree |
| 11 | Professional degree
|
| 7 | Associate's degree |
Credentials
Interests
|
Occupational Interest
|
Interest
|
|
|---|---|---|
| 100 |
Conventional - Conventional occupations frequently involve following set procedures and routines. These occupations can include working with data and details more than with ideas. Usually there is a clear line of authority to follow.
|
|
| 72 |
Investigative - Investigative occupations frequently involve working with ideas, and require an extensive amount of thinking. These occupations can involve searching for facts and figuring out problems mentally.
|
|
| 45 |
Enterprising - Enterprising occupations frequently involve starting up and carrying out projects. These occupations can involve leading people and making many decisions. Sometimes they require risk taking and often deal with business.
|
|
| 39 |
Realistic - Realistic occupations frequently involve work activities that include practical, hands-on problems and solutions. They often deal with plants, animals, and real-world materials like wood, tools, and machinery. Many of the occupations require working outside, and do not involve a lot of paperwork or working closely with others.
|
|
| 22 |
Artistic - Artistic occupations frequently involve working with forms, designs, and patterns. They often require self-expression and the work can be done without following a clear set of rules.
|
|
| 22 |
Social - Social occupations frequently involve working with, communicating with, and teaching people. These occupations often involve helping or providing service to others.
|
|
Work Styles
|
Importance
|
Work Style
|
|
|---|---|---|
| 92 |
Attention to Detail - Job requires being careful about detail and thorough in completing work tasks.
|
|
| 89 |
Analytical Thinking - Job requires analyzing information and using logic to address work-related issues and problems.
|
|
| 87 |
Integrity - Job requires being honest and ethical.
|
|
| 85 |
Cooperation - Job requires being pleasant with others on the job and displaying a good-natured, cooperative attitude.
|
|
| 84 |
Dependability - Job requires being reliable, responsible, and dependable, and fulfilling obligations.
|
|
| 80 |
Persistence - Job requires persistence in the face of obstacles.
|
|
| 79 |
Self-Control - Job requires maintaining composure, keeping emotions in check, controlling anger, and avoiding aggressive behavior, even in very difficult situations.
|
|
| 77 |
Adaptability/Flexibility - Job requires being open to change (positive or negative) and to considerable variety in the workplace.
|
|
| 77 |
Independence - Job requires developing one's own ways of doing things, guiding oneself with little or no supervision, and depending on oneself to get things done.
|
|
| 77 |
Initiative - Job requires a willingness to take on responsibilities and challenges.
|
|
| 75 |
Achievement/Effort - Job requires establishing and maintaining personally challenging achievement goals and exerting effort toward mastering tasks.
|
|
| 74 |
Stress Tolerance - Job requires accepting criticism and dealing calmly and effectively with high-stress situations.
|
|
| 71 |
Concern for Others - Job requires being sensitive to others' needs and feelings and being understanding and helpful on the job.
|
|
| 69 |
Innovation - Job requires creativity and alternative thinking to develop new ideas for and answers to work-related problems.
|
|
| 68 |
Leadership - Job requires a willingness to lead, take charge, and offer opinions and direction.
|
|
| 58 |
Social Orientation - Job requires preferring to work with others rather than alone, and being personally connected with others on the job.
|
|
Work Values
|
Extent
|
Work Value
|
|
|---|---|---|
| 67 |
Support - Occupations that satisfy this work value offer supportive management that stands behind employees. Corresponding needs are Company Policies, Supervision: Human Relations and Supervision: Technical.
|
|
| 67 |
Working Conditions - Occupations that satisfy this work value offer job security and good working conditions. Corresponding needs are Activity, Compensation, Independence, Security, Variety and Working Conditions.
|
|
| 61 |
Achievement - Occupations that satisfy this work value are results oriented and allow employees to use their strongest abilities, giving them a feeling of accomplishment. Corresponding needs are Ability Utilization and Achievement.
|
|
| 56 |
Recognition - Occupations that satisfy this work value offer advancement, potential for leadership, and are often considered prestigious. Corresponding needs are Advancement, Authority, Recognition and Social Status.
|
|
| 45 |
Relationships - Occupations that satisfy this work value allow employees to provide service to others and work with co-workers in a friendly non-competitive environment. Corresponding needs are Co-workers, Moral Values and Social Service.
|
|
| 39 |
Independence - Occupations that satisfy this work value allow employees to work on their own and make decisions. Corresponding needs are Creativity, Responsibility and Autonomy.
|
|
Related Occupations
| 15-1211.00 | Computer Systems Analysts |
| 15-1212.00 | Information Security Analysts |
| 15-1232.00 | Computer User Support Specialists |
| 15-1241.00 | Computer Network Architects |
| 15-1251.00 | Computer Programmers |
| 15-1253.00 | Software Quality Assurance Analysts and Testers Bright Outlook |
| 15-1254.00 | Web Developers |
| 15-1299.01 | Web Administrators |
| 19-4061.00 | Social Science Research Assistants |
Job Openings on the Web
Sources of Additional Information
Disclaimer: Sources are listed to provide additional information on related jobs, specialties, and/or industries. Links to non-DOL Internet sites are provided for your convenience and do not constitute an endorsement.
- Association for Computing Machinery
- Center of Excellence for Information and Computing Technology
- CompTIA
- CompTIA Association of IT Professionals
- Computing Research Association
- IEEE Computer Society
- Institute for Certification of Computing Professionals
- National Center for Women and Information Technology
- Occupational Outlook Handbook: Database administrators and architects