Essential Terms

This involves discovering, reporting on, and analyzing information that has already been gathered and published by others, such as academic articles, books, newspapers, and magazines.

This is the confusion that occurs when a listener doesn't understand the speaker's words, like jargon or slang.

These are short, simple verbal markers, such as "first", "next", or "finally", that help orient the audience by signaling exactly where the speaker is in the structure of the speech.

This principle ensures that each point or sub-point within an outline contains only one distinct idea.

When the speaker considers the effects of the occasion and environment where the presentation is made.

This form of communication apprehension occurs when a speaker is confronted by a unique combination of factors and is generated by a combination of audience, time, and context.

This theory dictates that audiences compare persuasive messages against their existing attitudes, categorizing them into latitudes of acceptance, noncommitment, or rejection.

This outline uses keywords and phrases and serves as a delivery aid.

Speech that uses humor or emotion to convey a message. [entertaining speech]

Speech that focuses on expanding knowledge and understanding of the audience. [informative speaking, informative speech]