Nouns - basically names of people, places, things. Eg; Abigael, Turkey, bed.
Pronouns - used to replace nouns in a sentence. Eg; he/she/it/they.
Adjectives - used to modify nouns. Eg; old, bad, blue, leather, ancient.
Verbs - basically the action or state. Eg; swimming, eating, jogging, own, seems, feels.
Adverbs - describe more about nouns, adjectives. Eg; slowly, neatly, here, often.
Conjunctions - used to join two ideas, clauses etc. Eg; and, but, for, neither...nor, either...or, so...but
Interjections - used to express emotions. Eg; Woooow! Ew! Yuck! Duh!
Prepositions - explain the relationships of place, time etc. Eg; under, at, above, on, in.