| 1. Nouns | name a person, place, thing, or idea | teacher, Robert, college, California, phone, cat, success, loyalty | Robert lives in a small apartment in California with his wife and two cats. |
| 2. Pronouns | take a noun's place | he, it, you, they, I | He teaches college courses. |
| 3. Adjectives | describe a noun or pronoun | smart, cute, expensive, black, incredible | His black cat only eats expensive food. The cat is cute, but it is picky. |
| 4. Verbs | describe an action or a state | teach, eat, talk, achieve – be, feel, think, believe | His wife works as a teacher, too. She loves her job. |
| 5. Adverbs | describe a verb, adjective, or adverb | clearly, happily, here, well, intelligently, always | They always go to work together. This is a very useful arrangement. |
| 6. Prepositions | show a relationship of place, time, location, or direction between words | in, on, over, at, to | On Saturdays, they go to the beach. |
| 7. Conjunctions | connect words, phrases, and clauses | and, so, because, but, if, when | Robert and his wife are happy because their life is perfect. |
| 8. Interjections | tell emotion or surprise | yay, oh no, oops | Yeah, life is good for Robert, his wife, and their two cats. Cheerio! |
