The eight parts of speech are the basic categories of words used in English. They help us understand how words function in a sentence. A noun is the name of a person, place, thing, or idea. A pronoun is used in place of a noun to avoid repetition. A verb shows an action or a state of being. An adjective describes or gives more information about a noun or pronoun. An adverb modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb, often telling how, when, or where something happens. A preposition shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in the sentence. A conjunction joins words, phrases, or sentences together. An interjection expresses strong feeling or emotion, such as surprise or excitement