Noun - could be proper (always capitalized, e.g John), common (not capitalized, e.g, doctor, compound (more than one noun,e.g Policeman)
Pronoun - takes the place of the noun
Verbs - Action words
Adjectives - describes the subject
Conjunction - like linking verbs but it's difference is it connects the sentences, words, phrases and clauses.
Preposition - position words like to, under, by and etc.
Adverbs - describe noun, pronoun and other adverbs
Interjections - use for expressing emotions