Formula Sheet

Gases, Liquids, and Solutions


 PV = nRT


 PV = nRTP_{\mathrm{total}}=P_A+P_B+P_C+\cdots


 \mathrm{Kelvin}=^{\circ}\mathrm{C}+273


 P_1 V_1 = P_2 V_2


 \frac{V_1}{T_1}=\frac{V_2}{T_2}


 \frac{P_1 V_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2 V_2}{T_2}


 d=\frac{m}{V}


 KE_{\mathrm{per\ molecule}}=\frac{mV^2}{2}


 \frac{r_1}{r_2}=\frac{\left ( M_1 \right )^{\frac{1}{2}}}{\left ( M_2 \right )^{\frac{1}{2}}}


 \begin{matrix} M \\ \mathrm{(molarity)} \end{matrix} = \frac{\mathrm{moles\ solute}}{\mathrm{liter\ of\ solution}}


 P = pressure,  V = volume,  T = temperature,  n = number of moles,  d = density,  m = mass,  v = velocity,  KE = kinetic energy,  r = rate of effusion,  M = molar mass,  Q = reaction quotient,  E^O = standard reduction potential,  K = equilibrium constant


 R\mathrm{,\ gas\ constant}=\frac{8.31\mathrm{\ joules}}{\mathrm{mole}\cdot\mathrm{kelvin}}=0.0821\frac{\mathrm{liter}\cdot\mathrm{atm}}{\mathrm{mole}\cdot\mathrm{kelvin}}=8.31\frac{\mathrm{volts}\cdot\mathrm{coulombs}}{\mathrm{mole}\cdot\mathrm{kelvin}}


Atomic Structure


 \Delta E=hv or  \Delta E=hf


 c=v\lambda or  c=f\lambda


 E = energy,  v = frequency or  f = frequency,  \lambda = wavelength,  v = velocity,  c = speed of light =  3.00 \times 10^8 \frac{\mathrm{m}}{\mathrm{s}}


Equilibrium


 K_w=1\times10^{-14}\mathrm{\ at\ }25^{\circ}\mathrm{C}


 \mathrm{pH}=-\mathrm{log}\left [ \mathrm{H}^+ \right ], \mathrm{\ pOH}=-\mathrm{log}\left [ \mathrm{OH}^- \right ]


 \mathrm{pH\ +\ pOH}=14


 H^O = standard enthalpy,  E^O = standard reduction potential,  T = temperature,  q = heat,  c = specific heat capacity,  c_{\mathrm{water}}=\frac{4.18\mathrm{\ joule}}{\mathrm{g\ K}}  H_f=\frac{330\mathrm{\ joule}}{\mathrm{gram}} for water,  H_v=\frac{2260\mathrm{\ joule}}{\mathrm{gram}} for water


Periodic Table of the Elements

Last modified: Thursday, May 19, 2022, 1:45 PM