The Great Leap Forward

The extraordinary number of deaths during the Chinese Revolution is difficult to fathom. The Soviet Union had a similar experience when Stalin forced the population to modernize Russia's agricultural and industrialization practices. Historians estimate that Mao's Great Leap Forward (1958–1962), mandatory collectivization, forced labor, and the famine that ensued caused the deaths of 18–30 million people in China.

Notes

  1. 1.0 1.1 Peng Xizhe, "Demographic Consequences of the Great Leap Forward in China's Provinces," Population and Development Review 13 (4) (1987): 639-670.
  2. For a summary of other estimates, please refer to this link. Retrieved December 19, 2007.
  3. Jung Chang, and Jon Halliday. Mao: The Unknown Story. (New York: Knopf, 2005), 435. ISBN 0679422714
  4. The Most Deadly 100 Natural Disasters of the 20th Century as of 3 July, 2006, The Disaster Center. Retrieved September 9, 2008.
  5. "Mao and Lincoln (Part 2): The Great Leap Forward not all bad", Asia Times, April, 2004.
  6. Edward Friedman, Paul Pickowicz, and Mark Selden. Chinese Village, Socialist State. (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991. ISBN 0300046553) [1] Retrieved December 19, 2007.
  7. John Robottom. Twentieth Century China. (New York: Putnam, 1971), 430
  8. Meredith Woo-Cummings, The Political Ecology of Famine: The North Korean Catastrophe and Its Lessons, ADB Institute Research Paper, January 2002. Retrieved December 19, 2007.