Shareholders' Equity
Stock is a fundamental element in publicly traded firms and is important for both the firm and the shareholder. After reading these sections, you will be able to discuss how stocks are issued, and how to evaluate dividends.
Introduction
The Conceptual Framework provides a deceptively simple definition for equity: "the residual interest in the assets of the entity after deducting all its liabilities" (CPA Canada, 2016, Part I, The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting, 4.4 (c)).
This definition confirms the most elementary principle in accounting, which is embodied in the accounting equation: Assets = Liabilities + Equity. This apparent conceptual simplicity is further confirmed by the fact that IFRS does not actually contain
a separate handbook section devoted to shareholders' equity. However, despite this lack of structured guidance, we should not define equity as a simple concept that doesn't require much attention. On the contrary, there are a number of ways in which the
accounting, presentation, and disclosure of equity transactions can be quite complex. Although equity is the residual interest of the business's owners, it is not simply a plug figure used to balance the accounting equation. In this chapter, we will
discuss some of the complexities in accounting for equity transactions and we will look at the presentation and disclosure requirements for what can be legally complicated instruments.
Chapter Organization
Source: Glenn Arnold and Suzanne Kyle, https://lifa1.lyryx.com/textbooks/ARNOLD_2/marketing/ArnoldKyle-IntermFinAcct-Vol2-2020A.pdf
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