Nouns name a person, place, animal or thing (student, river, cat).
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Pronouns replace nouns to avoid repetition (he, she, it, they).
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Adjectives describe nouns (big, small, happy, sad).
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Verbs show actions or states (jump, read, eat).
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Adverbs describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs (quickly, very, always).
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Prepositions show relationships like place or time (in, on, under, before).
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Conjunctions connect words or sentences (and, but, because).
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Interjections express emotions (wow!, oh! ).
