Assembly lines are meant to be a cost-efficient way to manufacture an item through standardization. Balancing the assembly line allows for low-volume, made-to-order production up to high-volume, mass-produced items. Essentially, balancing the assembly consists of allocating or reallocating tasks to a workstation to minimize downtime or constraints.
Read this article. The article proposes balancing production lines to attenuate capacity restrictions and increase balancing efficiency. Pay particular attention to section 2.2 on assembly line balancing.
Conclusion
This article presents a solution to the mixed AL
balancing problem caused by product mix change. The proposed heuristic
aims to reduce capacity constraints on workstations within a defined
total demand for varied mix without the need for sequencing to launches
of products in the AL. To do so, the proposed AL mixed target mobile
balancing heuristic (RPW-MVM) is based on three constraints: (i) meet
precedence relation equivalent precedence diagram; (ii) allocate the
tasks to a workstation so that the total mean time weighted station does
not exceed the moving target, and (iii) allocate the tasks to a
workstation until the total m model time in the station does not exceed
cycle time.
The RPW-MVM heuristic was applied to the AL from a
company's agricultural segment. The AL analyzed is currently organized
into five different workstations which are manufactured seven models of
products (CL, O, MX, CB, ATI, ATU and CH) mounted through up to 29
different tasks. However, the capacity of the bottleneck situation is 28
product/turn, not satisfying the demand for products 37/turn. When
applied to the system in question, the RPW-MVM heuristic allowed an
increase in production capacity for the bottleneck model by 35% as a
result of better distribution of tasks due to increased number of
workstations (from 5 to 6). It was also confirmed dispensability
sequenced the launch of products in AL. The crossing time significantly
reduced the bottleneck situation of AL, requiring 78 minutes less than
the old arrangement. The line Efficiency at bottleneck situation showed
an improvement of 32%, while balancing efficiency increased by 11% due
to the better distribution of tasks among the workstations. Finally, a
comparison of the RPW-MVM and RPW traditional heuristic applied to the
mixed AL was held; we observed an improvement in the balance efficiency
by 4% with reducing a workstation. However, the flexibility condition
was not supported by traditional RPW, concluding that only the RPW-MVM
meets the assumptions made in this scenario.
It is suggested for
further development the evaluating of the proposed balance by the
heuristic through dynamic simulation with the aid of computer software;
it aims to identify issues not covered by the current analysis, as the
line Efficiency behavior according to the change in product mix. It is
suggested further adaptation to balancing AL single model using the
concept of moving target proposed here.