There are eight parts of speech: nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections.
Nouns are naming words. An example from the excerpt is Elizabeth, prince, and dragon.
Pronouns replace nouns. An example from the excerpt is she, he, him, and her.
Adjectives are words that describe a noun. An example from the excerpt is beautiful, expensive, and fiery.