1. Noun: A word that names a person, place, thing, or idea (e.g., teacher, city, kindness).
2. Pronoun: A word that replaces a noun (e.g., he, she, it, they).
3. Verb: A word that expresses an action or state of being (e.g., run, is).
4. Adjective: A word that describes a noun or pronoun (e.g., red, beautiful). Articles (a, an, the) are considered adjectives because they modify nouns.
5. Adverb: A word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb (e.g., quickly, very).
6. Preposition: A word that shows the relationship between a noun (or pronoun) and other words (e.g., in, on, through).
7. Conjunction: A word that connects words, phrases, or clauses (e.g., and, but, because).
8. Interjection: A word or phrase that expresses emotion or exclamation (e.g., Wow!, Oh!).