Real World Problem-Solving

This article describes what the human brain is doing when we define the problem (requirements and scope), plan for problem-solving (select datasets and filter or standardize and clean them for relevant information), and engage in the creative thinking process that is analysis. The author differentiates the creative process from the analytical process she terms "insight problem solving", but without creativity, the analyst would not know which methods to apply to the dataset and would have more difficulty expressing their findings in a way that is actionable for the decision-maker. To do this effectively requires a certain amount of empathy to understand what the decision-maker needs and in what format so that they can digest it most thoroughly and see the action steps needed for implementation.

It is interesting to see the problem-solving process laid out in a neurological sense when it is second nature to seasoned analysts. The author describes Tversky and Kahneman's thinking processes that allow analysts to figure out big problems while driving home in light traffic as if on autopilot. One analyst claims to solve most problems by walking away from her computer, riding her bike, or going rollerblading. Sometimes, like figuring out where we left the remote, the important things are fleeting and can only occur to us when we are doing something else. How might you have solved an important thinking problem in an unlikely place or while doing something non-analytical?

Abstract

Real world problem-solving (RWPS) is what we do every day. It requires flexibility, resilience, resourcefulness, and a certain degree of creativity. A crucial feature of RWPS is that it involves continuous interaction with the environment during the problem-solving process. In this process, the environment can be seen as not only a source of inspiration for new ideas but also as a tool to facilitate creative thinking. The cognitive neuroscience literature in creativity and problem-solving is extensive, but it has largely focused on neural networks that are active when subjects are not focused on the outside world, i.e., not using their environment. In this paper, I attempt to combine the relevant literature on creativity and problem-solving with the scattered and nascent work in perceptually-driven learning from the environment. I present my synthesis as a potential new theory for real world problem-solving and map out its hypothesized neural basis. I outline some testable predictions made by the model and provide some considerations and ideas for experimental paradigms that could be used to evaluate the model more thoroughly.



Source: Vasanth Sarathy, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00261/full
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